This demo shows a healthy set of lungs and a set of lungs similar to someone who smoked a pack of cigarettes every day for 20 years. You can see that tar has formed a sticky black layer inside the lungs, which restricts oxygen flow and contributes to cancers forming. Choose to have healthy lungs, and say no to all forms of tobacco.

Learn the best way to quit smoking from our expert: https://www.mdanderson.org/publications/focused-on-health/what-s-the-best-way-to-quit-smoking-.h18-1592991.html

Request an appointment at MD Anderson by calling 1-877-632-6789 or online: https://my.mdanderson.org/requestappointment

Smoking is the leading preventable risk factor of cardiovascular disease in adults. In addition to the fact that smoking can cause lung cancer and other diseases its relation to the heart is very important. All the more in the Indian scenario the cause of smoking is the most modifiable risk factor for causing heart attacks is very important. Smoking in any form in the form of beedis, cigarettes or in the form of cigars or pipes or e-cigarettes or non smoking form of tobacco in the form of stuff are dangerous. The risk of smoking with heart disease is depended upon the number of cigarettes smoked to the duration of years in which it is being smoked. There is no cut off value below which it is considered to be safe. Smoking is deleterious to the heart. It could be in the form of causing sudden heart attacks in young patient. It is seen that in the south Asian population the heart attacks come much earlier. This in compared to the Western population one common reason is smoking. Smoking causes increased tendency of the blood to clot because of which a sudden heart attack can come. The benefits of stopping smoking is an important question which is not realised by many of them. Smoking when stopped reduce the risk of further heart attack by one third by the end of one year and the risk almost goes to that of a normal person who is a non smoker by the end of two years. This is a fact with the general population that don’t realise much. So it is always good to stop smoking than to continue it. The benefits of quit smoking continues from the time it is stopped and the benefits continues as it is quit for a long time.

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After a hurricane strikes — whether it’s through rain or storm surge flooding — mosquitoes quickly become a problem. Sandra Fisher-Grainger recently said this is one of the causal connections to mosquito-borne diseases.
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Bitten! Mosquito-Borne Disease & You
Mosquito bites can transmit germs that cause illnesses. Learn about common diseases that some mosquitoes carry and spread among people. Use the links to MedlinePlus health topic pages to access reliable health information about the research, treatment, and prevention of mosquito-borne diseases.

Around the world, communities, in collaboration with scientists, activists, governments, and international organizations, are working together to prevent disease and improve quality of life.

Recognizing the multiple factors that cause illness, these global health leaders take an expansive view of health and medical care. They work on projects that improve access to primary healthcare, reduce discrimination, and address health information needs. Communities and healthcare workers come together to prevent disease, conduct cutting-edge research, end conflict, and recover after natural disasters.

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/makingaworldofdifference/resources.html

Transcript:

Bitten! Mosquito-Borne Disease & You
MOSQUITOES AS VECTORS

Mosquitoes are insects that live all over the world. When a female mosquito lands on you and bites you, it drinks a small amount of your blood. Human blood contains essential nutrients mosquitoes need to produce their eggs. The bite usually causes an itchy bump and may produce an allergic reaction. Importantly, mosquitoes are also disease vectors. This means that they can carry germs picked up from an infected person or animal and spread the disease-causing germs when they bite others.

MOSQUITO-BORNE DISEASES

Common diseases that mosquitoes carry include chikungunya, dengue, malaria, West Nile virus, and Zika. Chikungunya, dengue, and Zika are caused by viruses, while malaria is caused by a single-celled parasite. These germs infect a person through a mosquito’s bite, and then use the human host to multiply. While this is happening, the human host often becomes sick. Chikungunya, dengue, and malaria are all common in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, but are rare in the United States.

West Nile virus and Zika have become more common in the United States. Mainly infecting people during the summer months, West Nile virus is now the most prevalent mosquito-borne illness in the country, while limited Zika outbreaks have also occurred in recent years. However, it’s important to note that the mosquito species that carry each of these diseases live throughout the United States.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WEST NILE VIRUS

West Nile virus symptoms can include fever, headache, body aches, skin rashes, and swollen lymph nodes. Generally, infection causes very mild symptoms or no symptoms, at all. However, older people and people with weakened immune systems are at high risk for severe symptoms. It is important to pay attention to abnormal signs that may appear after getting a mosquito bite. If you think you may have contracted West Nile virus, talk to your doctor to get medical advice about your health and potential treatments.

PREVENTION AND RESEARCH

Accurate, reliable health information is important for protecting you and your family from mosquito bites and the diseases they carry. There are a number of ways to help prevent mosquito bites: apply an effective insect repellent; cover up your arms, legs, and feet while outside; mosquito-proof your home by using screens on windows; avoid time outside when mosquitoes are most active – specifically dawn and dusk; and remove standing water where mosquitoes can breed.

Mosquito-borne diseases are an ongoing threat to public health. Therefore, doctors and researchers continue to study these diseases to find and develop better methods to prevent and treat them.

The National Library of Medicine offers trusted resources about mosquito-borne diseases and how to stay safe. Start with MedlinePlus.gov and find Trusted Health Information for You!

This video was produced by the National Library of Medicine.

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Are you dealing with depression during the coronavirus pandemic? A new study from Western Sydney University found that lifestyle factors such as enough sleep, a good diet and exercise are critical in preventing depression.

The study involving almost 85,000 people found that less screen time, adequate sleep, a better-quality diet and physical activity strongly impact depression.

Bloomberg Quicktake spoke to the lead co-author of that report, Professor Jerome Sarris, from NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University.

Jerome explains, “We conducted an analysis of about 85,000 people using the UK Biobank database. And what really came through is quite strong compelling evidence was that there were six lifestyle factors which did have an influence on increasing people’s depressive mood. And these involved, having a healthy diet or should I say in some cases, a less healthy diet, having adequate physical activity, but also critically having optimal sleep with about seven to nine hours a night, as well as ideally having less screen time. That in concert with, ideally reducing or limiting tobacco intake. All these factors had an influence on people’s mental health and in particular their level of depression symptoms. I think the take-home message here is good lifestyle medicine practices for physical health, but also mental health.”

In people with a depressed mood, the study found that alcohol was beneficial in reducing the levels of depression. Jerome says this was a surprise finding.

“Now, other data has shown that that alcohol can actually exacerbate a depressed mood. Our sense is based on this data, and we’re certainly not advising people go out binge drinking or anything like that. I think it just points to the fact that some people with depression may use alcohol in a self-medicating manner and that perhaps for some people, occasionally consuming alcohol in moderation may be one of the factors which they might find from a self-medicating perspective may be beneficial for their mood. But we’re certainly not advising people to binge drink.”

There was also a correlation with smoking.

“Smoking, like has been revealed in other data sets, that there is a relationship between people who do smoke tobacco, having a greater prevalence of depression symptoms. And there may be various neurological factors to why that is. Certainly people who are addicted to nicotine are constantly under the insult of trying to feed that addiction and that can have a range of mental health consequences.”

And when it comes to sleep, Jerome says quality counts.

“It’s not always about duration by itself. It’s also about the quality of sleep. So if people aren’t getting good quality sleep and in adequate duration there can be a range of neurochemical effects which can occur. Certainly over time, you can get a rise in a hormone called cortisol. And that in itself can impede neurogenesis or literally the growth of some of our brain neurons. That in turn can have a relationship to do with people having a greater prevalence of depressed mood. Of course, raised cortisol also, which may occur in people who have really low levels of quality sleep, may also increase weight gain. So if you get people with excessive weight gain and metabolic issues, that also can affect other things such as self-esteem and also can increase lethargy and thereby the person may end up doing less physical activity, may have a poorer diet.”

So how do you make sure you get enough good quality sleep? We spoke to Kate Bridle from Sleep HQ for her top tips.

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Do you experience foot pain while running? Or are your feet sore when you wake up in the morning? Mark takes us through a few common foot injuries runners experience and gives some tips on what to do should you pick one up.

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Plantar Fasciitis? Bursitis? Stress Fractures? There’s plenty of things that can go wrong with a runners foot – but how do you know what’s going wrong and how to fix it? In this video Mark gives a short overview of common running injuries and how you can avoid them.

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My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE.
These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.)
For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice.
Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised.
Opinions are entirely my own.

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My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE.
These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.)
For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice.
Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised.
Opinions are entirely my own.
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Pathology, symptoms, causes, risk factors and treatments of COPD. This video is available for instant download licensing here: https://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/-/galleries/narrated-videos-by-topics/respiratory-diseases/-/medias/288d2bd4-256d-459e-b3cd-284a0b4b5b75-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd-narrated-animation
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All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, is a PROGRESSIVE inflammatory lung disease characterized by INCREASING breathing difficulty. Other symptoms include cough, most commonly with mucus, chest tightness and wheezing. COPD develops as a result of LONG-TERM exposure to irritants such as smoke, chemical fumes or dusts, and may go UNNOTICED for years. Most people show symptoms after the age of 40 when the disease is already in its advanced stage.
The lungs consist of millions of air tubes or airways, called bronchi and bronchioles, which bring air in and out of the body. These airways end with tiny air sacs – the alveoli – where the gas exchange process takes place. REPEATED inhalation of irritants results in a CHRONIC inflammatory response which brings in a large amount of defensive cells along with inflammatory chemicals from the immune system. Inflammation of the airways causes them to thicken and produce mucus, NARROWING the air passage – this is known as CHRONIC BRONCHITIS. Inflammatory chemicals also dissolve alveolar walls, resulting in DESTRUCTION of the air sacs – this is EMPHYSEMA. COPD is, basically, a COMBINATION of these two conditions.
Tobacco smoking is accountable for about 90% of COPD cases. These include current, former smokers and people frequently exposed to second-hand smoke.
Extended contact with harmful chemicals such as fumes from burning fuel or dusts, at home or workplace, may also cause COPD.
Genetics has been implicated in a small number of cases. Notably, a condition known as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, or AAT deficiency, has been shown to increase risks for COPD and other lung diseases. AAT protein protects the lungs from damaging effects of enzymes released during inflammation. Low levels of AAT make lung tissues more vulnerable to destruction when inflamed. While people with AAT deficiency may develop COPD even WITHOUT smoking or exposure to harmful irritants, AAT deficient smokers are at MUCH greater risks.
COPD is diagnosed based on symptoms, history of exposure to irritants and lung function tests. The major test for COPD is SPIROMETRY, in which the patient is asked to blow into a tube connected to a machine – a spirometer. Spirometry evaluates pulmonary functions by measuring the volume and the speed of air flow during inhalation and exhalation.
There is no cure for COPD but treatments can relieve symptoms, prevent complications and slow down progression of the disease. The first and most essential step to treatment is to stop smoking and/or improve air quality at home and workplace. These are also the most effective measures in preventing the disease.
Other treatments include:
-Medication: bronchodilators are used to widen the airways; steroids to relieve inflammation.
-Vaccination against flu and pneumococcal pneumonia: this is to prevent serious complications COPD patients may have with these respiratory infections.
-Supplemental oxygen: this can improve quality of life provided that the patient no longer smokes.
-Breathing exercises and other therapies as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program.
-Finally, surgery may be performed for severe cases when other methods fail. Surgical procedures include bullectomy, lung volume reduction surgery, where damaged parts of the lung are removed; and lung transplant, where the entire diseased lung is replaced with a healthy lung from a deceased donor.
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Interstitial lung disease (ILD) causes scarring that damages lung tissue. Symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing and poor oxygen uptake.

For more information, visit https://uvahealth.com/services/pulmonary/interstitial-lung-disease

When someone is first diagnosed with interstitial lung disease or ILD, it’s actually an umbrella for a lot of different diseases, up to 200 of them. Depending on which type of ILD you have, your treatment can be very different. An example is in people who have idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or IPF. There are drugs that target the scaring process themselves, antifibrotic drugs that are available.

In contrast, people that have autoimmune conditions often respond to steroids or medications that suppress the immune system. These would be things that I wouldn’t use in an IPF patient but can be very useful in autoimmune conditions, or in conditions like sarcoidosis.

UVA has a really excellent interstitial lung disease program. It’s a big focus in our pulmonary division. The philosophy of the ILD clinic is to provide comprehensive, integrated care and develop a personalized treatment plan for each patient.
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Eradicated Diseases in India,
Eradicated Diseases from India,
Diseases that are eradicated from India,
Diseases in India,
Eradicated Diseases,
Diseases that are eradicated,
Diseases,
#pentabclasses
#gk
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A quick explanation about the differences between hazards and injuries in GCSE PE.
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India says to have eradicated polio. To License This Clip, Click Here: http://collection.cnn.com/content/clip/37047240_001.do
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