“The role of youths in ending the neglect”, presented by Maximillian Godwin (Southern African Development Community Youth Forum Health Committee & Youth Combating NTDs)
Recorded on Thursday July 23rd 2020 as part of the online ISNTD Connect series of short meetings, launched during the 2020 COVID19 pandemic to keep researchers and professionals in the fields of global and tropical health connected.
www.isntd.org/isntd-connect
India’s healthcare system is broken, and nowhere is this more apparent than the way the system neglects its most marginalised. The Swaddle brings you the healthcare story India forgot – the story of the neglected tropical diseases.
Credits:
Edited and voiced by: Aditi Chauhan
VJs in Odisha: Srikanta Jena, Santanu Shou
VJ in Raebareli: Sunny Singh
Odiya translations: Sangeet Anshuman, Sourav Pattanaik
Hindi translations and subtitles: Dhruvi Chhajer
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Fit Rahe India: What should men do to keep fit, once they are 30!
Clostridioides difficile (also known as Clostridium difficile or C. diff) is an infection caused by a type
of bacteria that make substances (toxins) that harm the gut. C. diff most often occurs in people who are on antibiotics or have been taking them recently. It is also common in patients who have been in a hospital or long-term care facility for some time. People ages 65 and older are at increased risk, as well.
Learn more at https://gastro.org/practice-guidance/gi-patient-center/topic/clostridium-difficile-c-diff/.
This program was supported by an independent educational grant from Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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Infectious diseases have had some pretty major impacts on human history… and that’s putting it mildly. Here are 6 diseases that shaped human history
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
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Sources:
Plague
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/01/140129-justinian-plague-black-death-bacteria-bubonic-pandemic/
http://jmvh.org/article/the-history-of-plague-part-1-the-three-great-pandemics/
https://www.ancient.eu/article/782/justinians-plague-541-542-ce/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22767313
http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/plague.pdf
http://www.austincc.edu/microbio/2704l/pla.htm
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2027479_2027486_2027547,00.html
https://www.history.com/topics/black-death
Smallpox
http://www.mountvernon.org/digital-encyclopedia/article/disease-in-the-revolutionary-war/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-diseases/smallpox/
https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/o/oldstone-viruses.html
http://www.pbs.org/gunsgermssteel/variables/smallpox.html
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/smallpox/faq/en/
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/11/european-diseases-left-genetic-mark-native-americans
Syphilis
https://www.cdc.gov/std/syphilis/stdfact-syphilis-detailed.htm
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/may/17/syphilis-sex-fear-borgias
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109405/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/syphilis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351756
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/chemotherapy
https://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/83/8325/8325salvarsan.html
http://jmvh.org/article/syphilis-its-early-history-and-treatment-until-penicillin-and-the-debate-on-its-origins/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3956094/
https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1908/ehrlich-bio.html
Cholera
http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/snowcricketarticle.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730273/
Yellow Fever
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/
http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/contagion/panamacanal.html
https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/history/panama_canal.html
https://www.epa.gov/mosquitocontrol/success-mosquito-control-integrated-approach
http://homeguides.sfgate.com/homemade-liquid-solution-kill-mosquitoes-94933.html
Hemophilia
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2009/10/case-closed-famous-royals-suffered-hemophilia
https://www.nature.com/scitable/content/Royal-hemophilia-and-Romanov-DNA-17556
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002051.htm
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002052.htm
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/tay-sachs-disease#inheritance
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002051.htm
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hemophilia#inheritance
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4260295/
We might be close to eliminating a second disease: polio.
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Only one human disease in history has been fully stamped out; smallpox, with the World Health Organization declaring it eradicated way back in 1980.
But polio could be next.
Yes, the disease that brings up imagery of wheelchairs and iron lungs might soon be on its way out, but we’re not there quite yet.
Polio, also known as poliomyelitis, is an infectious disease caused by the aptly named poliovirus, which comes in three strains, and is spread mostly by consuming contaminated water.
Polio can be passed through the air with oral fluids, like from a cough or a sneeze, but the cycle today usually begins with fecal oral transmission, mostly in areas with poor sanitation.
Those infected with the poliovirus can experience no symptoms, but people can experience fatigue, fever, muscle weakness, loss of muscle, headaches, nausea, and more. Polio’s most severe form can lead to paralysis, weakened lungs, and, sometimes, death.
On this episode of SICK, we talk with Jay Wenger, Director of Polio at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, about the infectious disease, how it spreads, its symptoms, and the ongoing eradication efforts.
#Polio #Disease #Health #SICK #Seeker #Science
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SICK is a new series that looks at how diseases actually work inside our body. We’ll be visiting medical centers and talking to top researchers and doctors to uncover the mysteries of viruses, bacteria, fungi and our own immune system. Come back every Tuesday for a new episode and let us know in the comments which diseases you think we should cover next.
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Read More:
One hundred years of poliovirus pathogenesis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682205005830
So close: remaining challenges to eradicating polio
https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-016-0594-6
Polio vaccination: past, present and future
https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/fmb.15.19
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Emergency room doctors see an uptick of injuries happening with this new form of transportation.
#Scooter #Electricscooter #sharedscooter
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Dangers of smoking | Health | Biology | FuseSchool
Did you know that smokers are twice as likely to have a heart attack? And that one in two smokers will die from a smoking-related disease.
In fact all of these things are negatively affected by smoking… pretty much every organ in your body!
Circulation; Heart; Lungs; Mouth and throat; Stomach; Brain; Skin; Reproduction and fertility; Bones
We all know that smoking is bad, but do you know why?
That’s what we’re going to discover in this video.
When you pass someone smoking, does it make you cough or your chest feel tight?
Perhaps you thought it was the smell? It’s actually because you’re inhaling dangerous substances into your body.
Nicotine is a toxin that stimulates your body to produce adrenaline. This increases your heart rate and raises your blood pressure, thus making your heart work harder. It is also addictive, which is why it’s very difficult for smokers to quit.
Tar contains over a thousand chemicals. It forms a tacky brown or yellow residue – which is why some smokers have stained teeth. And if you could see them – stained lungs too.
Some of the chemicals in tar are carcinogens – so they cause cancer, making lung, mouth and throat cancers more common in smokers.
The last culprit you need to know about is Carbon Monoxide. It is an odourless, colourless and extremely poisonous gas. The carbon monoxide permanently binds to haemoglobin in your blood, blocking oxygen from binding.
So oxygen can’t be transported around the body and used for respiration, causing shortness of breath and fatigue. Your heart once more has to beat even faster to supply the body with the oxygen it needs.
Let’s now look at some diseases caused by smoking…
Emphysema is when the tiny structures in your lungs called alveoli, break down.
As alveoli are responsible for gas exchange, this is not good news. The inhaled smoke causes the walls of the alveoli to weaken and decrease in surface area, making gas exchange less efficient. Unsurprisingly, breathing becomes much harder and smokers are much more at risk of coughs and chest infections.
Smoking also causes the cilia in the lungs to become irritated, and produce excess mucus.
So that’s the lungs. And we saw earlier that nicotine and carbon monoxide make the heart work much harder.
Now the blood vessels.
Plaque building up in the coronary arteries, so the ones that transport oxygen rich blood around the heart, can over time cause a blood clot to form, which cuts off some of the heart muscle and causes it to die. This is the most common cause of heart attacks.
So we’ve seen that smoking increases your risk of heart, lung, kidney disease, strokes and cancers.
Smoking can also make your bones more brittle and so more likely to break. And also it can greatly reduce fertility in both men and women.
So, now you know some of the harmful effects smoking has on your body and why we’re told not to do it. But the good news… once you stop smoking, your health improves and your body will begin to recover. It’s never too late to give up!
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Cigarettes aren’t good for us. That’s hardly news — we’ve known about the dangers of smoking for decades. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us, and can our bodies recover if we stop? Krishna Sudhir details what happens when we smoke — and when we quit.
Lesson by Krishna Sudhir, directed by TED-Ed.
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